We have recently been hearing a lot from our politicians about the development of radio and television stations, in an era when the Internet is now king
Our MPs should realise that computers take centre stage in the massive Information Revolution currently sweeping the globe.
In the near future, as wireless networking (Wifi) comes into play in Papua New Guinea, as in other countries, radio and television may become obsolete.
The newspaper you are reading may also follow the same trend because you don’t need to buy a newspaper when you can read it online.
Radio has played a pivotal role in our development, however, times are changing.
Internet radio is the latest technological innovation in radio broadcasting since the business began in the early 1920s.
Internet radio has been around since the late 1990s.
Traditional radio broadcasters have used the Internet to simulcast their programming.
But, Internet radio is undergoing a revolution that will expand its reach from your desktop computer to access broadcasts anywhere, anytime - and expand its programming from traditional broadcasters to individuals, organisations and government.
Radio broadcasting began in the early ‘20s, but it wasn’t until the introduction of the transistor radio in 1954 that radio became available in mobile situations.
Internet radio is in much the same place.
Until the 21st century, the only way to obtain radio broadcasts over the Internet was through your PC.
That will soon change, as wireless connectivity will feed Internet broadcasts to car radios, PDAs and cell phones.
The next generation of wireless devices will greatly expand the reach and convenience of Internet radio.
Traditional radio station broadcasts are limited by two factors:
The power of the station’s transmitter (typically 100 miles); and
The available broadcast spectrum (you might get a couple of dozen radio stations locally).
Internet radio has no geographic limitations, so a broadcaster in Wabag, Enga Province, can be heard in Japan on the Internet.
The potential for Internet radio is as vast as cyberspace itself (for example, Internet radio network Live365 offers more than 30,000 Internet radio broadcasts).
In comparison to traditional radio, Internet radio is not limited to audio.
An Internet radio broadcast can be accompanied by photos or graphics, text and links, as well as interactivity, such as message boards and chat rooms.
This advancement allows a listener to do more than listen.
The relationship between advertisers and consumers becomes more interactive and intimate on Internet radio broadcasts.
This expanded media capability could also be used in other ways.
For example, with Internet radio, you could conduct training or education and provide links to documents and payment options.
You could also have interactivity with the trainer or educator and other information on the Internet radio broadcast site.
Internet radio programming offers a wide spectrum of broadcast genres, particularly in music.
Broadcast radio is increasingly controlled by smaller numbers of media conglomerates.
In some ways, this has led to more mainstreaming of the programming on broadcast radio, as stations often try to reach the largest possible audience in order to charge the highest possible rates to advertisers.
Internet radio, on the other hand, offers the opportunity to expand the types of available programming.
The cost of getting “on the air” is less for an Internet broadcaster, and Internet radio can appeal to “micro-communities” of listeners focused on special music or interests.
What do you need to set up an Internet radio station?
- CD player;
- Ripper software (copies audio tracks from a CD onto a computer’s hard drive);
- Assorted recording and editing software;
- Microphones;
- Audio mixer;
- Outboard audio gear (equaliser, compressor, etc.);
- Digital audio card;
- Dedicated computer with encoder software; and
- Streaming media server.
Getting audio over the Internet is pretty simple:
The audio enters the Internet broadcaster’s encoding computer through a sound card.
The encoder system translates the audio from the sound card into streaming format.
The encoder samples the incoming audio and compresses the information so it can be sent over the Internet.
The compressed audio is sent to the server, which has a high bandwidth connection to the Internet.
The server sends the audio data stream over the Internet to the player software or plug-in on the listener’s computer.
The plug-in translates the audio data stream from the server and translates it into the sound heard by the listener.
There are two ways to deliver audio over the Internet: downloads or streaming media.
In downloads, an audio file is stored on the user’s computer.
Compressed formats like MP3 are the most popular form of audio downloads, but any type of audio file can be delivered through a Web or FTP site.
Streaming audio is not stored, but only played.
It is a continuous broadcast that works through three software packages: the encoder, the server and the player.
The encoder converts audio content into a streaming format, the server makes it available over the Internet and the player retrieves the content.
For a live broadcast, the encoder and streamer work together in real-time.
An audio feed runs to the sound card of a computer running the encoder software at the broadcast location and the stream is uploaded to the streaming server.
Since that requires a large amount of computing resources, the streaming server must be a dedicated server.
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